Government of Ethiopia’s public works and complementary programmes: A mixed-methods study on pathways to reduce intimate partner violence

This study examined the impact of Ethiopia’s public works program, providing food or cash transfers for seasonal labor, alongside complementary activities targeting both women and men, on intimate partner violence (IPV). Using data from a randomized controlled trial (RCT) in the Amhara and Oromia regions, the analysis of 2,604 households found no significant impact on IPV in the full sample but observed some effects among the poorest households. The study found that both the public works and complementary programs reduced poverty-related stress, decreased arguments, and improved emotional wellbeing. Women’s empowerment showed some positive effects, though men’s reactions were mixed. Engaging men in nutrition behavior change communication improved gender relations, suggesting that social protection programs can be gender-transformative and address IPV’s root causes.